Rock-drill



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. LSHARPNEGK.

ROCK DRILL.

No. 495,275. Pa-tentedApr. 11, 1893.

(No Model() 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. L. SHARPNBCK.

ROCK DRILL.

Patented Apr. l1, 1893.

,Z-UVeH-or" .QQ/Wfl l we mams PETER: co. woraumo., wAsHmamN, n. c.

inder casting on the line 4 4. Fig. 5.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELIEL. L. SHARPNEOK, OF EVANSTON, ILLINOIS.

ROCK-DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 495,275, dated April11, 1893.

Application filed February 6, 1893#` Serial No. 461,080. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, ELIEL. L. SHARPNECK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Evanston, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain -new and useful Improvements in Rock-Drills, of whichthe following is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, which are made a part hereof, and in which-Figure 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section of a rock drill embodyingthe invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is anelevationof the rear end thereof, with the rear head of the cylinder removed, andwith certain of the parts in transverse section on line 3 3. Fig. 4 is atransverse section of the cyl- Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of thesaid casting on line 5 5. Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a view of the valve, partlyin section and partly in elevation. j Fig. 7 is an elevation of the rearcylinder head with the outer cap removed. Fig. 8 is an end elevation ofthe front cylinder head.

The present invention consists in certain features of noveltythat areparticularly poin ted out in claims hereinafter.

In the drawings 1 represents the piston, 2 the piston rod, 3 thecylinder in which the piston iitsAthe forward cylinder head, which isperforated for passage of piston rod, and provided with a stuing box`5.

6 is the rear cylinder head, and 7 a cap I which is secured over saidhead, forapurpose that will appear hereinafter. 'lhe cylinder heads haveprojections 8 and 9 respectively, which extend a short distance intothecylinder and fit it snugly. Upon each side of the head 4 is'a projection10, upon each side of the'cylinder are two projections 11, one at eachend of the cylinder. Upon each side of the head 6 is aprojection -l2,andupQll-each side of the cap 7 is aprojection 1`3. Theprojections on eachof these parts are diametri-- cally opposite each other, andfvallofA ,salirddpro jections are of the same wid-th, seth when` the parts are inplace, as shown injthedraw ings, they form a rib or wing extending inthe direction of the length of the cylinder. *Alli of the projectionsare similarly perforated forl the passage of long bolts 14, and theprojec- .cylinderfthrough' port tions 10 are counter bored as at 15,-inorder y to form shoulders 16, between which and the heads of the boltsare placed coiled springs 17. The counter bored portions 15 are of thenon-circular shape, the object being to prevent the bolts from turning.Upon the ends of the bolts are secured nuts 18, which bear against lugs13 of the cap plate 6, and hold said-plate and the cylinder heads inplace.

The top side of the cylinder casting is extended upward, and isl dressedolf iiat, as shown in Fig. 4. This upward extension is also cored out,so as to form a chamber 19, from the sides of which open two ports 20,into one of which is screwed the exhaust pipe 21, the other being closedby a screw plug 22. This arrangement enables the exhaust to be led offfrom which ever side of the machine is more convenient.

23 is a port which places the interior of the cylinder and the chamber 19 in direct commubetween them beingcontrolled by a spring v seated valve29, which is so arranged that the pressure within the port 27, actingupon the under side of'the valve, can raise it, so that the steam or airmay pass from port 27 into port 28,- while the pressure within the port28 tends only to hold the valve seated. With this arrangement, it willbe seen, as soon as the piston has covered the port 27, the escape .ofsteam or air is prevented, and the steam I,or air then` remaining-within the cylinder acts as a cushion for preventing the piston lfromcomingincontact with the rear cylinder =head. Qn the otherfhand; whenthevalve is .conditioned `toadmi-t li-.vegsteam4v to the port 27.*itwillraise the valveland passinto the 30 and 31 are por ichv opeattlietop side of the y"cylinder extensionpandcommuf nicate with'theinterior Vof the cylinder. f

ICO

32 and 33 are ports which place the cylinder in direct communicationwith the chamber 19.

34 is the valve casing, one side of which is flat, said casing beingsecured onto the top side of the cylinder extension, so that ports35,36, 37 and 38 formed through the under side of said casing willregister with the ports 24, 25, 26 and 27 respectively.

39 and 40 are ports formed through the under side of casing 34, andconnected with ports 30 and 3l by means of the ports 41 and l 42, whichare shown only in dotted lines, and are formed partly in the top side ofthe cylinder extension and partly in the under side of the valve casing.The valve casing is counter bored at each end to form a shoulder 43,against which lits a disk 44, and is closed by a screw cap 45, formedwith a socket 46, in which fits a spring 47 that bears against the disk44 and holds it in place. 'lhe valve consists of four disks, 46, 47 48and 49, which fit the interior of the Valve casing sn ugly and areconnected by means of a hollow stem 50,which is provided, between thedisks 47 and 48, with an opening 51, which places its interior incommunication with the live steam space 52 of the casing. Theextremities of this stem are closed by screw caps 53, which are providedwith openings 54 and 55, the latter of which is made of larger diameterthan the former, for a purpose that will appear hereinafter. Preferablythis valve is constructed as shown in Fig. 6, the disks being formedintegrally with a sleeve 56, which is slipped onto the stem and is heldagainst longitudinal displacement by means of a shoulder 57. The valvecasing is provided in its opposite sides with openings 58, into one ofwhich is screwed the live steam pipe 59, the other bcing closed by ascrew plug 60. The rear end of the piston is provided with a centralbore 6l,which` is counter bored at its outer end and screw-threaded forreceiving a nut 62, having a square opening.

63 is a spindle, which is planed off so as to be, for'the greater partof its length, of substantially square cross section, and its planedsurfaces follow a spiral course, so that it constitutes in effect ascrew having a very steep pitch. The outer cylindrical end of thisspindle passes through a perforation formed through the head 6, and toit is screwed a ratchet wheel 65, which tits in a recess formed in theouter surface of the head.

66 is an annular groove formed in the outer surface of the head, andresulting in an aunular flange or rib 67. This fiange or rib is providedwith any desired number of radial slots, in which fit blocks 68, whichare profl vided on their inner ends with teeth corresponding to theteeth of the ratchet wheel 65.,

blocks are so located with relation to each other, and 'to the ratchetwheel, that when the teeth of one of them are fully engaged with theteeth of the ratchet wheel, the teeth of another of them will be out ofengagement, as shown in Fig. 7. The cap plate 7 is provided for thepurpose of concealing this pawl and ratchet mechanism, and is providedwith a central opening for convenience in oiling said mechanism, saidopening being closed by a screw plug 70.

Upon each side of the cylinder are two parallel anges 7l, which arelocated upon opposite sides of the bolt 14, and form a continuation ofthe rib formed by projections hereinbefore described. This rib is forthe purpose of supporting the cylinder and permitting it to be movedlongitudinally with relation to the base of the machine. This base isshown at 73, and is intended to be supported by a tripod or othersuitable device that is not shown in the drawings. It is ofsubstantially semi-cylindrical shape, in cross section, and has uponopposite sides horizontal flanges 74, upon which the flanges 71 rest,and vertical flanges 75, which project upward past the two lower anges71, and are perforated for` the passage of bolts 76, which are tappedinto angle irons 77, the horizontal anges of which project over theupper flanges 7l.

78 are two rods, the forward ends of which are secured in perforatedbosses 79, which are casts on the base 73. To the rear ends of theserods is secured a cross head 80,in which is swiveled the feed screw 81,which is provided with a crank 82 for turning it and passes through anut 83, secured to the under side of the cylinder.

Assuming the parts to be in positions shown by Fig. 1, the operation ofthe machine is as follows:-Live steam passes from the steam space 52 ofthe valve casing, through the ports 38 and 27 and lifts the valve 29,and passes through port 28 into the rear end of the cylinder. Thiscauses the piston to move forward, or in the direction of the arrow. Assoon as the piston reaches such a position that the ports 30 and 32 areuncovered, which they will be when the reduced portion 84 of pistoncomes opposite them, steam will escape from the space 85, through ports39, 4l, 30 and 32. This will relieve the steam pressure upon the lowerside of the valve disk 46, and by reason of the excess of pressure inspace 86, between the disk 49 and the end of the casing, the valve willbe moved in the direction of the arrow. In doing so the disks 47 and 48will pass the ports 37 and 38 respectively, thereby placing the forwardend of the cylinder in communication with the steam space 52, throughthe ports 26 and 37, and at the same time placing the rear end of thecylinder in communication with the eX- haust, through ports 27, 38, 36and 25. Steam will then enter the forward end of the cylinder, and inlike manner produce the stroke in the opposite direction. Similarly,when the IOO ports 30 and 32 are covered, and ports Sland' 33 areuncovered, steam will escape from space 86 through ports 40, 42, 31 and33, and the eX-v cess of pressure in space 85 will return the valve tothe position shown in the drawings. The opening 55 is larger thanopening 54, and the object of this is to produce a quicker movement ofthe valve in one direction than' in the other, in` order that the pistonmay have time to complete its forward stroke before the valve is shiftedand steam is admitted to the forward endof the cylinder. The rotation ofthe drill is produced by spindle 63 and the pawl and ratchet mechanismalready described. As the piston moves forward it causes the spindle 63to move in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 7, the teeth of the pawlsand ratchet being presented in such direction as to permit of thismovement, while preventing a movement in the opposite direction. Itfollows, therefore, that since the spindle cannot rotate upon the returnstroke of the piston', the nut necessarily follows the spiral course ofthe planed surfaces of" the spindle, and thereby produces a partialrotation of the piston and its connections.

The drill-chuck is secured to the forward end of the piston rod andconsists of a block 86 of steel, which is split as shown at 87 to form apair of jaws 88, 88, in the opposing surfaces of which the socket of thedrill is formed. These jaws are perforated for the passage of bolts 89,by which the jaws may be forced together with the force necessary forsecurely holding the drill in place.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as newtherein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. The combination with the cylinder, the piston, the valvecasing andthe valve, of ports of different capacities for admitting steam to thevalve-casing upon opposite sides Y of the valve, ports communicatingwith the valve-casio g upon opposite sides of the valve and with thecylinder, and exhaust ports opening from the cylinder, the piston beingprovided with a depression adapted to place in communication withexhaust first one and then the other of the ports that connect thevalve-casing and cylinder, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

2. The combination of the cylinder, the piston, the valve-casing, thevalve consisting of disks 46, 47, 48, 49 and hollow stem 50, said stemhaving opening 51 communicating with live steam space 52, between disks47 and 48 and openings 54 and 55 communicatingwith the spaces 85 and 86upon opposite sides of the valve, ports 39 and 40 opening into saidspaces 85 and 86, ports 30 and 31 opening into the cylinder andcommunicating with ports 39 and 40, and the exhaust ports 32 and 33opening from the cylinder, the piston having the reduced portion 84,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination with the valve-casing of the hollow stem 50 open atits extremities and having the centrally arranged lateral opening 51communicating with thewsteam space of the easing, the valve disks 46,47, 48 and 49 secured to it in pairs said pairs being locatedrespectively on opposite sides of said lateral opening, the cylinder,the piston,'and suitable ports connecting the valve-casing and cylinderand controlled by the valve, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with the casing of the hollow stem 50 having thelateral opening 51 and the openings 54 and 55 of different capacities,valve disks 46,47, 48, and 49 secured to the stem and adapted to controlports 35, 36, 37 and 38, ports communicating with the valve-casing uponopposite sides of the disks 46 and 49 and communicating with thecylinder, and the piston adapted to control these last named ports,substantially as set forth.

5. The combination with the casing of the hollow stem 50 having thelateral opening 51, caps 53 screwed into the ends of the stem and havingopenings 54 and 55, and the disks 46, 47, 48 and 49 formed with sleeves56, one of said sleeves being slipped onto each end of j the stem,substantially as set forth. v

6; The combination with the cylinder having the perforated head 6provided on its exterior with the annular groove 66 and the annularflange 67 having a number of radial slots, pawls 68 fitting in saidslots, springs 69 engaging said pawls and the outer wall of the groove66, the ratchet wheels 65 engaged by the pawls, the spindle 63 securedto the ratchet wheel and passing through the cylinder head, said spindlehaving a spiral portion, the nut 62 fitting said spiral portion, and thepiston to which the nut is secured having the socket 61 in which thespindle lits, substantially as set forth.

7. Thecombination with the cylinder having the perforated head 6 and thepiston, the spindle having a spiral portion engaging the piston and thecylindrical portion passing through the perforation of the head, pawland ratchet mechanism located upon the outside of the head and adaptedto permit the spindle to turn in one direction and prevent it fromturning in the other direction,and the cap plate 7 secured to the head 6and having the inwardly extending iiange 67 slotted for the reception ofthe pawls, with means for lfaoldhing the cap in place, substantially asset Ort 8. The combination with the cylinder, the head 4 havingperforated projections on its sides, bolts passed through saidprojections and suitably anchored,and coiled springs interposed betweenthe heads of the bolts and the projections, said projections beingcounter bored to form sockets inclosing the heads gf tlie bolts andsprings, substantially as set ort 1.

9. The combination of the cylinder having the perforated projections 11,the cylinder head 4 having the perforated projections 10, the cylinderhead 6 having the perforated `pro- IOC IIO

j ections 12, all said projections being arranged in line, one set oneach side of the cylinder the bolts 14 passed through said projections,and the coiled springs 17 interposed between the heads of the bolts andthe projections of the cylinder head, on each side of the cylindersubstantially as set forth.

10. The combination with the cylinder having upon each side two parallelflanges 71 and having the perforated projections 11, of the cylinderhead 4 having the perforated projections 10, the cylinder headV 6 havingthe perforated projections 12, the bolts 14 passing through saidprojections and between the anges 71, springs interposed between theheads of the bolts and one of the cylinder heads, and the base 73 havingguideways in which the anges 71 fit and are adapted to slide,substantially as set forth.

11. In a rock drill such as described, the combination with the piston,cylinder and heads therefor having oppositely arranged projectionsthereon, the projections on one head being elongated and counter boredwith an irregular shaped opening, of the rods passing through saidprojections and having their heads confined in the irregular shapedopenings, whereby the rods are held against turning and the springsinterposed between the heads of the rods and bottoms of the openings;substantially as described.

12. In a rock drill, the combination with the cylinder, the valve chest,the valve working therein having passages leading from the live steamchamber to opposite ends of the same, passages leading from oppositeends of said valve chest and opening into the cylinder at points widelyseparated said passages not being crossed, and exhaust passages openinginto the cylinder in approximately the same transverse planes as thevalve passages, of the piston reciprocating in the cylinder and having areduced central portion approximately of a length corresponding to thedistance between the passages, said piston having a stroke ofapproximately three times the length of the reduced portion, as shownand described.

ELlEL. L. SHARPNECK.

WVitnessos:

L. M. HOPKINS, A. S. MEGUIRE.

